DAMPAK REKLAMASI PANTAI TERHADAP LINGKUNGAN DAN KEHIDUPAN SOSIAL EKONOMI MASYARAKAT PESISIR DI MANADO UTARA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37971/radial.v14i1.591Keywords:
Coastal Reclamation, Coastal, North Manado, Sustainability, FishermenAbstract
This study aims to analyze the impact of coastal reclamation in North Manado on the environmental, social, and economic aspects of coastal communities. The method used is a qualitative descriptive approach through literature study and secondary data analysis from scientific journals, research reports, and policy documents. The results show that reclamation has a significant impact on the degradation of coastal ecosystems, particularly coral reefs and water quality. In addition, reclamation has led to a decline in fishermen’s income, changes in livelihoods, and social conflicts due to unequal access to resources. From a policy perspective, the lack of community participation and transparency is a major factor that exacerbates these conflicts. Therefore, a sustainable coastal development approach that actively involves local communities is required.
References
Adger, W. N. (2006). Vulnerability. Global Environmental Change, 16(3), 268-281.
Ahern, J. (2011). From fail-safe to safe-to-fail: Sustainability and resilience in the new urban world. Landscape and Urban Planning, 100(4), 341-343.
Banga Padang, B., Pangkey, M., & Laloma, A. (2022). Dampak kebijakan reklamasi pantai terhadap masyarakat nelayan di Kota Manado. Jurnal Administrasi Publik, 8(2), 45-56.
Beatley, T. (2009). Planning for coastal resilience: Best practices for calamitous times. Washington, DC: Island Press.
Beatley, T. (2014). Blue urbanism: Exploring connections between cities and oceans. Washington, DC: Island Press.
Clark, J. R. (1996). Coastal zone management handbook. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press.
Corner, J. (2006). Terra fluxus. In C. Waldheim (Ed.), The landscape urbanism reader (pp. 21-33). New York, NY: Princeton Architectural Press.
Dahuri, R. (2003). Keanekaragaman hayati laut: Aset pembangunan berkelanjutan Indonesia. Jakarta: Gramedia Pustaka Utama.
ESA (European Space Agency). (2020). Sentinel-2 user handbook. Paris: ESA.
Gorelick, N., Hancher, M., Dixon, M., Ilyushchenko, S., Thau, D., & Moore, R. (2017). Google Earth Engine: Planetary-scale geospatial analysis for everyone. Remote Sensing of Environment, 202, 18-27.
Harvey, D. (2008). The right to the city. New Left Review, 53, 23-40.
Jensen, J. R. (2005). Introductory digital image processing: A remote sensing perspective. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.
Kementerian Kelautan dan Perikanan Republik Indonesia. (2020). Rencana zonasi wilayah pesisir dan pulau-pulau kecil (RZWP3K). Jakarta: KKP.
Kementerian Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan. (2018). Pedoman analisis mengenai dampak lingkungan (AMDAL). Jakarta: KLHK.
Kementerian Pekerjaan Umum, Direktorat Jendral Cipta Karya, PT. Wiswakharman, Draft Kawasan Boulevard II Kota Manado.
Lillesand, T., Kiefer, R. W., & Chipman, J. (2015). Remote sensing and image interpretation. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley.
Mostafavi, M., & Doherty, G. (2010). Ecological urbanism. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Graduate School of Design.
Nicholls, R. J., & Cazenave, A. (2010). Sea-level rise and its impact on coastal zones. Science, 328(5985), 1517-1520.
Ostrom, E. (2009). A general framework for analyzing sustainability of social-ecological systems. Science, 325(5939), 419-422.
Peraturan Presiden Republik Indonesia Nomor 122 Tahun 2012 tentang Reklamasi di Wilayah Pesisir dan Pulau-Pulau Kecil.
Schlosberg, D. (2007). Defining environmental justice: Theories, movements, and nature. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Seto, K. C., Guneralp, B., & Hutyra, L. R. (2012). Global forecasts of urban expansion to 2030 and impacts on biodiversity. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 109(40), 16083-16088.
Temmerman, S., Meire, P., Bouma, T. J., Herman, P. M., Ysebaert, T., & De Vriend, H. J. (2013). Ecosystem-based coastal defence in the face of global change. Nature, 504(7478), 79-83.
Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 27 Tahun 2007 tentang Pengelolaan Wilayah Pesisir dan Pulau-Pulau Kecil.
UN-Habitat. (2015). Guiding principles for city climate action planning. Nairobi: United Nations.
USGS (United States Geological Survey). (2021). Landsat 8 data users handbook. Washington, DC: USGS.
Wagiu, M. (2011). Dampak program reklamasi terhadap ekonomi rumah tangga nelayan di Kota Manado. Jurnal Perikanan dan Kelautan Tropis, 7(1), 12-20.
Waldheim, C. (2016). Landscape as urbanism: A general theory. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
World Bank. (2010). Cities and climate change: An urgent agenda. Washington, DC: World Bank.
Wowor, C., Dengo, S., & Londa, V. (2019). Dampak kebijakan reklamasi pantai terhadap masyarakat pesisir di Kota Manado. Jurnal Administrasi Publik, 5(3), 101-110.
Xu, H. (2006). Modification of normalized difference water index (NDWI) to enhance open water features. International Journal of Remote Sensing, 27(14), 3025-3033.
